An Evaluation of Barriers to Adherence to Hepatitis B Treatment Among Patients in Bauchi State Hospitals
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Background of the Study
Hepatitis B is a major global health problem, with an estimated 296 million people living with chronic infection worldwide (WHO, 2024). In Nigeria, Hepatitis B infection remains a significant public health challenge, with a prevalence rate estimated at 11% among adults (Okafor et al., 2023). Chronic Hepatitis B can lead to severe complications, including cirrhosis, liver failure, and hepatocellular carcinoma, if not appropriately managed with antiviral therapy (Shittu et al., 2023). Adherence to Hepatitis B treatment is critical in preventing these complications and improving long-term outcomes for patients (Musa et al., 2024).
In Bauchi State, although treatment options are available, many patients struggle with adherence to antiviral therapy due to various barriers, including financial constraints, lack of awareness, and cultural beliefs (Aminu et al., 2024). This study will evaluate the barriers that affect patients' adherence to Hepatitis B treatment in Bauchi State hospitals and propose strategies to enhance adherence.
Statement of the Problem
Non-adherence to Hepatitis B treatment is a common problem that worsens the health outcomes of patients and increases the transmission of the virus. Understanding the barriers to adherence is crucial for improving patient care and designing targeted interventions. Despite the availability of antiviral treatments, patients in Bauchi State face several obstacles that prevent consistent treatment adherence. This study aims to identify these barriers and provide recommendations for improving patient compliance with Hepatitis B therapy.
Objectives of the Study
- To identify the barriers to adherence to Hepatitis B treatment among patients in Bauchi State hospitals.
- To assess the impact of these barriers on the health outcomes of Hepatitis B patients.
- To suggest interventions that could improve adherence to Hepatitis B treatment in Bauchi State.
Research Questions
- What are the barriers to adherence to Hepatitis B treatment among patients in Bauchi State hospitals?
- How do these barriers affect the health outcomes of Hepatitis B patients?
- What strategies can be implemented to improve adherence to Hepatitis B treatment in Bauchi State?
Research Hypotheses
- There are significant barriers to adherence to Hepatitis B treatment that affect patients’ health outcomes in Bauchi State.
- Financial constraints, lack of awareness, and cultural beliefs are the major barriers to adherence to Hepatitis B treatment in Bauchi State.
- Interventions to increase patient education and reduce financial barriers will significantly improve adherence to Hepatitis B treatment.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on Hepatitis B patients receiving treatment in Bauchi State hospitals. Limitations may include potential recall bias in self-reported data and regional variations in healthcare access.
Definitions of Terms
- Hepatitis B Treatment: The use of antiviral medications to manage and suppress the Hepatitis B virus to prevent liver damage and other complications.
- Adherence: The extent to which patients follow prescribed treatment regimens, including taking medications as directed and attending follow-up appointments.
- Barriers to Adherence: Factors that hinder patients from consistently following prescribed treatment protocols, including financial, educational, and cultural obstacles.
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